Biology 2024

Objective Questions

Which of the following organisms contains chlorophyll in its cells?

A) Caterpillar B) Paramecium C) Euglena D) Grasshopper

Correct Answer: C) Euglena

Species are groups of organisms that:

A) Are of different origins and are always found together B) Are of common origin but cannot interbreed freely C) Have similar features and interbreed freely D) Resemble each other and occupy different niches

Correct Answer: C) Have similar features and interbreed freely

A plant with a short, vertical underground stem is a:

A) Bulb B) Corm C) Rhizome D) Tuber

Correct Answer: B) Corm

The diagram below is an illustration of a reproductive process in an organism. Study it and answer number 4 and 5.

The type of reproduction illustrated is:

A) Budding B) Binary fission C) Grafting D) Vegetative propagation

Correct Answer: B) Binary fission

The illustrated organism is capable of reproducing by:

A) Sexual means only B) Asexual means only C) Vegetative propagation only D) Sexual and asexual means

Correct Answer: B) Asexual means only

Which of the following organisms consists of a unicellular cell joined to form a filament?

A) Amoeba B) Spirogyra C) Euglena D) Chlamydomonas

Correct Answer: B) Spirogyra

The structure of the cell that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell is:

A) Cytoplasmic membrane B) Nuclear membrane C) Protoplasm D) Endoplasm

Correct Answer: A) Cytoplasmic membrane

The bursting of a red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution is called:

A) Crenation B) Haemolysis C) Plasmolysis D) Cytolysis

Correct Answer: B) Haemolysis

The function of the root hair in plants is to:

A) Absorb soil water by the process of osmosis B) Excrete water and mineral salts by diffusion C) Purify the soil for the plant D) Translocate manufactured food

Correct Answer: A) Absorb soil water by the process of osmosis

If a germinating seed is attached horizontally to a revolving klinostat, what would be the effect on the seedling after three days?

A) Plumule will curve vertically upwards while the radicle will not show any curvature B) Radicle will curve towards the ground while the radicle will not show any curvature C) Plumule and radicle will not show any curvature D) Plumule will curve vertically upwards while the radicle will curve towards the ground

Correct Answer: C) Plumule and radicle will not show any curvature

The lumbar vertebrae differs from the thoracic vertebrae because it possesses a:

A) Longer neural spine B) Wider neural canal C) Thicker centrum D) Shorter transverse process

Correct Answer: C) Thicker centrum

Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood into the heart?

A) Pulmonary artery B) Anterior vena cava C) Pulmonary vein D) Posterior vena cava

Correct Answer: C) Pulmonary vein

Filtrates in the Bowman's capsule contain vitamins because:

A) They have low molecular weight B) Most of them are fat soluble C) They cannot be reabsorbed into the blood D) Little amount is required by the blood

Correct Answer: A) They have low molecular weight

The structures that contain grey matter and white matter are found in the:

A) Reproductive system B) Nervous system C) Respiratory system D) Digestive system

Correct Answer: B) Nervous system

The diagram below is an illustration of a sense organ in humans.Study and anser questions 15 and 16.

The part that protects the organ is labelled:

A) I B) II C) III D) IV

Correct Answer: A) I

The part labelled III is the:

A) Iris B) Pupil C) Sclera D) Cornea

Correct Answer: D) Cornea

The type of pollination illustrated as I, II, III respectively are:

A) Cross, self, and cross B) Self, self, and cross C) Self, cross, and self D) Self, cross, and cross

Correct Answer: C) Self, cross, and self

The conditions necessary for reproduction to occur between plants P and Q after pollination is that plants P and Q should be:

A) Of the same species B) Brightly colored C) Well scented D) Of different species

Correct Answer: A) Of the same species

The diagram below illustrates a dry dehiscent fruit. Use it to answer questions 19 and 20.

The agent of dispersal of the fruit is:

A) Animal B) Explosive mechanism C) Water D) Wind

Correct Answer: C) Water

The parachute-like tuft of hairs developed from the:

A) Pedicel B) Petals C) Receptacle D) Sepals

Correct Answer: D) Sepals

Which of the following events does not occur in the light reaction stage of photosynthesis?

A) Chlorophyll absorbs B) Carbon (IV) oxide combines with hydrogen C) Photolysis of water occurs D) Hydroxyl ions are present

Correct Answer: B) Carbon (IV) oxide combines with hydrogen

The rate of photosynthesis decreases in a wilted herbaceous plant because the:

A) Enzymes in the leaf were denatured B) Chlorophyll in the leaves was not broken down C) Amount of light reaching the plant was reduced D) Amount of carbon dioxide entering the leaf decreases

Correct Answer: D) Amount of carbon dioxide entering the leaf decreases

The element required for chlorophyll formation in plants is:

A) Iron B) Calcium C) Phosphorus D) Sulphur

Correct Answer: A) Iron

The process of food digestion in mammals would:

A) Make energy immediately available to the body B) Promote growth and repair of tissues C) Provide sufficient food materials within the body D) Render food substances soluble and absorbable

Correct Answer: D) Render food substances soluble and absorbable

Which of the following food substances would give a negative reaction with Benedict’s reagent?

A) Fructose B) Glucose C) Galactose D) Sucrose

Correct Answer: D) Sucrose

Sunlight is the major source of:

A) Vitamin D B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin B D) Vitamin A

Correct Answer: A) Vitamin D

Discouraging the use of poison to kill fish in a large water body is a way of:

A) Impoverishing the people B) Conserving the fish species C) Allowing the fittest organism to survive D) Making them adapt to their environment

Correct Answer: B) Conserving the fish species

The pathway through which nutrients are replenished and circulated in an ecosystem is called a:

A) Cycle B) Pyramid of energy C) Pyramid of numbers D) Food chain

Correct Answer: A) Cycle

Which of the following statements is not correct about the food chain? The number of:

A) Grasses eaten by grasshoppers is greater than the number of grasshoppers B) Grasses eaten by grasshoppers is fewer than the number of grasshoppers C) Grasshoppers eaten by lizards is greater than the number of lizards D) Grasshoppers eaten by hawks is greater than the number of hawks

Correct Answer: C) Grasshoppers eaten by lizards is greater than the number of lizards

If the individual species of organisms in the food chain are counted and arranged as a pyramid, the result would be a pyramid of:

A) Numbers B) Energy C) Biomass D) Biomes

Correct Answer: A) Numbers

Which of the following gases is released during the decomposition of organic matter?

A) Carbon (II) Oxide B) Sulphur (IV) Oxide C) Hydrogen Sulphide D) Nitrous Oxide

Correct Answer: C) Hydrogen Sulphide

The diagrams below are illustrations of organisms from different habitats. Study them and answer questions 32 and 33.

The structure labelled I are for:

A) Camouflage B) Chemical Offence C) Physical Defence D) Mimicry

Correct Answer: C) Physical Defence

Habitats of the organisms respectively are:

A) River and Stream B) Rainforest and Stream C) Pond and Leaf Litter D) Garden and Desert

Correct Answer: C) Pond and Leaf Litter

An environmental problem caused by sulphur (IV) oxide is:

A) Acid Rain B) Deforestation C) Global Warming D) Erosion

Correct Answer: A) Acid Rain

The phenomenon by which a farmland that is left to fallow for several years develops into a forest is called:

A) Succession B) Afforestation C) Population D) Colonisation

Correct Answer: A) Succession

A farmer planted many seeds on a small piece of land. The plants that germinated are as shown below.

Which of the following effects would not be observed among the population of the plants?

A) Rise in disease condition B) Death C) Mutualistic Relationship D) Competition

Correct Answer: C) Mutualistic Relationship

The bar chart below shows the data of sources of energy used for cooking in a community. Study it and answer questions 36 and 37.

The source of energy that is mostly used in the community is:

A) Solar B) Kerosene C) Coal D) Wind

Correct Answer: B) Kerosene

The two sources of energy that would mostly lead to pollution in the community are:

A) Solar and Kerosene B) Coal and Wind C) Kerosene and Coal D) Solar and Wind

Correct Answer: C) Kerosene and Coal

An individual found a strange bird that was tagged as an endangered species. What should the individual do?

A) Kill it B) Take it to an aquatic environment C) Return it to its natural habitat D) Sell it at a very high price

Correct Answer: C) Return it to its natural habitat

Which of the following traits is not inheritable? Ability to:

A) Taste P.T.C B) Roll the tongue C) Move the ear D) Roll the eyeball

Correct Answer: D) Roll the eyeball

Which of the following statements is correct in the ABO blood group system?

A) Antigens are located on the surface of white blood cells B) Antibodies are located in the blood plasma C) Antibodies are located on the surface of the red blood cells D) Antigens are located in the blood plasma

Correct Answer: B) Antibodies are located in the blood plasma

A woman with blood group A gives birth to a child with blood group O. Which of the following blood groups cannot belong to the father?

A) B B) A C) AB D) O

Correct Answer: C) AB

The diagram below is an illustration of the genetic cross between two parents. The parental gamates I, II, III and IV gave rise to the offspring below, STudy it and answer questions 43 and 44.

Gametes I, II, III, and IV respectively are:

A) T, T, T, and t B) T, t, t, and t C) T, T, t, and t D) T, t, T, t

Correct Answer: C) T, T, t, and t

Which of the following statements is correct about the cross?

A) Both parents are heterozygous B) The male is not heterozygous C) The female is homozygous D) Both parents are homozygous

Correct Answer: A) Both parents are heterozygous

The physical appearance of an organism is described as its:

A) Phenotype B) Genotype C) Allele D) Chromosome

Correct Answer: A) Phenotype

Mutation leads to evolution because it:

A) Kills all organisms where it has occurred B) Gives rise to offspring having some characteristics as the parent C) Does not confer adaptability to the offspring D) Gives rise to new individuals that differ from their parents

Correct Answer: D) Gives rise to new individuals that differ from their parents

The male and female gametes which bear genes for inheritance in plants are located in the:

A) Anthers and petals B) Sepals and petals C) Stamens and pistils D) Stamens and petals

Correct Answer: C) Stamens and pistils

Which type of breeding is represented by industrial melanism in peppered moths?

A) Artificial selection B) Natural Selection C) Inbreeding D) Outbreeding

Correct Answer: B) Natural Selection

The scientists that are not correctly paired with their famous work are:

A) I and II only B) II and III only C) I, II, and IV D) II, III, and IV

Correct Answer: D) II, III, and IV

Which of the scientists were involved in the study of evolution?

A) I and III B) II and III C) I, II, and IV D) II, III, and IV

Correct Answer: C) I, II, and IV

Theory Questions

State one functions each of the following parts of the nephron:

Glomerulus
Bowman's Capsule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Distal Convoluted Tubule

Complete the table below

Organism	Structure for excretion	Form in which waste is excreted by organism
Flatworm	Contractile Vacuole
Earthworm
Cockroach
Human		Liquid
	Stomata Pore

List Five Excretory products of plants

An individual ate a hot and large meal of cassava with salty groundnut soup. The individual was sweating profusely and did not drink water after the meal.

State one role each played by the following organs involved in the activity involved

Mouth
Skin
Tongue
Kidney
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Liver

Name three of the organs listed in 2a that contain enzymes needed to break down the food
Name three digestive enzymes that could be involved in the digestion of the meal
Name two end products of the meal after digestion

State one effect that the excess salt in the meal might have on the individual.
State three advantages that the individual would derive from the meal.

A piece of raw meat was left in an uncovered bowl for seven days. Use the information to answer questions 3(a) and 3(b).

State four likely changes that would be observed in the meat.
Name the biological process that led to meat. the changes that are observed in the meat
On the table below, list four methods of preserving meat to prevent it from the changes stated in 3(a)(i) and mention the principle involved in the methods.
Name two environmental factors that may be responsible for the changes in 3(a)(i)

Name one method of preserving the following food items

dried maize grains
fresh tomatoes
vegetables
beans
milk

Complete the table below by stating the type of cell division and the type of set of chromosomes for the listed cells.
What is mitosis

Explain briefly how parents with blood groups A or B could have an offspring with blood group O.
Explain briefly how genes are involved in the process of evolution

What is competition?
List two types of competition.
List four factors that organisms compete for in a habitat
Explain briefly the relationship between competition succession

What is structural adaptation?
State four types of structural adaptations in animals

Complete the table below by listing three types of adaptive colouration in animals and give one example each of animals that show the colourations.

Three types of adaptive colouration in animals	One example of animal that shows the type of colouration

Give three examples of plants found in a tropical Rainforest.

Practical Questions

SPECIMEN A- GILL OF FISH
SPECIMEN B- LIVER OF FOWL WITH GALL BLADDER ATTACHED (petri dish)
SPECIMEN C- LUNGS OF FOWL ON A WHITE TILE(white tile>
SPECIMEN D- GIZZARD OF FOWL(petri dish)
SPECIMEN E- INTESTINE OF FOWL(spread in tray)
SPECIMEN F-GINGER RHIZOME
SPECIMEN G-ONION BULB
SPECIMEN H-LEAF OF BRYOPHYLUM( with adventitious root)
SPECIMEN J-CASSAVA STEM
SPECIMEN K-CASSAVA TUBER
SPECIMEN L-THORACIC VERTEBRA
SPECIMEN M-HUMERUS BONE
SPECIMEN N- MANGO SEED(dry)
SPECIMEN P-FEMUR BONE
SPECIMEN Q-LUMBAR VERTEBRA
SPECIMEN R-ORANGE SEEDS(dry)

Study specimens B, D and E and answer questions 1 (a) to 1(0.

Name the Phylum and Class of the organism that possesses specimen D.
State three observable features of specimen B

Give three functions of specimen B to the organism from which it was obtained.
State one function each of specimens D and E to the organism from which they were obtained
Mention one adaptation each of specimen D and E to the function stated in 1 (c)).

Use the office pin provided to pick the dark green structure attached to specimen B Touch the fluid coming from the structure with each of the red and blue litmus paper at intervals, Record the observation and inference in the table below.

Test	Observation	Inference
red Litmus Paper + Fluid
Blue Litmus Paper + Fluid

Give three functions of the fluid tested in 1(d)) to the organism that possess it.

Name the biological system in the body of vertebrates that specimens D and E belong to.
Which of specimen B, D, or E is absent in human?

Name the mode of feeding of the organism that possesses specimen E.
Name one type of food that the organism that possesses specimen D consumes.

Study specimens F, H and K and answer questions 2(a) to 2(d).

State four functions of specimen H to the plant from which it was obtained.

State one function each of specimen F and K to the plants from which they were obtained.
Give one reason each for the answers in 2(b)(i).
What part of the plant is modified for the function stated in 2(b)(i)?

State four observable differences between specimens F and K.
State one similarity between specimens F and K.

Make a drawing of 6cm to 8cm long of specimen H and label fully

Study specimen L, M, P and Q and answer questions 3(a) to 3(d).

Name the region of the human body where each of specimen L and Q are located

State four observable differences between specimen L and Q.
State four observable similarities between specimen L and Q.

Name two bones each that articulate with specimen M and P.
Name one vertebra each that is located before and after each of specimen L and Q in the vertebral column.

Complete the table below by using tick () to indicate presence and cross (X) to indicate absence of the following features in each of specimens L, M, P and Q. Specimen

Specimen	Features
	Neural Canal	Rounded Head	Neural Spine	Long Shaft
L			✓
M
P		✓
Q				✓